Ma waxaad raadineysaa inaad hagaajiso habka dhoofinta dharka Shiinaha ilaa USA iyadoo la dhimayo kharashaadka lagana fogaanayo hagardaamooyin caadi ah? Hagahan dhammaystiran, waxaynu dhex galnay mawduucyada muhiimka ah sida xamuulka badda iyo hawada, FCL vs. LCL, Xeerarka kastamka Mareykanka, iyo dukumentiyada lagama maarmaanka ah. Haddi aad tahay soodejiye markii ugu horaysay ama xirfadle khibrad leh, soo ogow talooyin khabiir ku ah tayayntaada maraakiibta dharka istiraatijiyadda hufnaanta iyo u hoggaansanaanta.

Qodobbada Muhiimka ah ee Saamayn ku leh Kharashka Rakaabka Dharka ee Shiinaha ilaa USA
Marka laga soo raro dharka Shiinaha si ay u USA, Fahamka qodobbada muhiimka ah ee saameeya kharashka dhoofinta ayaa muhiim u ah soo dejinta, iibiyaasha e-ganacsiga xudduudaha, iyo xirfadlayaasha silsiladda saadka. Wadarta qiimaha waxa qaabeeyay isku dhafka saadka, nidaaminta, iyo walxaha uu suuqa wado. Waa kuwan qodobbada ugu muhiimsan ee ay tahay in la tixgeliyo:
1. Habka Rarida:
Doorashada u dhaxaysa xamuulka badda, xamuulka hawada, Iyo warqaadayaal cad si weyn ayay u saamaysaa kharashaadka dhoofinta. Xamuulka badda guud ahaan waa kan ugu kharash-oolsan ee mugga waaweyn, halka xamuulka hawada waxay ku siisaa gaadiidka degdega ah ee heerar sare. Warqaadayaasha degdega ah waxay ku habboon yihiin shaybaarrada waqtiga xasaasiga ah ama shixnadaha yaryar laakiin badanaa waa kuwa ugu qaalisan.
2. Mugga iyo Miisaanka Shixnadda:
Dharka, oo miisaankoodu yar yahay, laakiin mararka qaarkood mug leh, ayaa badanaa lagu dallacaa iyada oo ku saleysan miisaanka mugga. Qaadayaashu waxay xisaabiyaan kharashyada iyagoo isticmaalaya miisaanka guud ee weyn ama miisaanka cabbirka (dhererka × ballac × dhererka ÷ 6000 ee xamuulka hawada). Culayska weelka oo buuxa (FCL) waxay bixisaa qiimeyo ka wanaagsan unug kasta marka la barbar dhigo Wax ka yar Xamuulka Konteenarka (LCL), laakiin waxay u baahan tahay mug ku filan si loo caddeeyo weel buuxa.
3. Dekadda Raadista iyo Dajinta:
Xulashada dekedda asal ahaan ee Shiinaha (tusaale ahaan, Shanghai, Shenzhen, Ningbo, Qingdao) iyo Dekadda u socota ee USA (tusaale ahaan, Los Angeles, Long Beach, New York) waxay saamaysaa qiimayaasha ay ugu wacan tahay kala duwanaanshaha khidmadaha maaraynta, ciriiriga dekeda, iyo caannimada haadka dhoofinta. Wixii aragti ah ee ku saabsan xarumaha soo dejinta ee ugu mashquulka badan iyo saamaynta ay ku leeyihiin saadka, eeg dekedaha ugu waaweyn ee innaga.
4. Xilliyada ugu sarreeya iyo Baahida Suuqa:
Heerarka dhoofintu way isbedbedelaan sanadka oo dhan. Xilliyada ugu sarreeya, sida ka hor Chinese sanadka cusub iyo xilliga fasaxa ee Mareykanka, inta badan waxaa la arkaa sicir koror sababtoo ah baahida sare iyo ciriiriga booska.
5. Nooca Adeegga:
Inta u dhaxaysa albaab-ilaa-albaab, deked-deked, ama albaab-deked Adeeggu wuxuu beddelaa qiimaha guud. Adeegyada dhamaystiran sida fasaxa kastamka, bakhaarka, Iyo gaarsiinta-maylkii ugu dambeeyay soo bandhig kharashyo dheeri ah laakiin waxay hagaajin kartaa saadka waxayna yareyn kartaa khatarta.
6. Cashuuraha iyo Cashuuraha Kastamka:
The HS code kala soocidda, qiimaha kastamka, iyo hadda siyaasadaha tacriifada Maraykanka (sida tacriifada Qaybta 301) waxay si toos ah u saameeyaan qiimaha dharka ee dhulka. Labbisku waxa ay saaran yihiin waajibaadyo gaar ah, ku dhawaaqida saxda ahina waa lama huraan si looga fogaado ciqaabta.
7. Baakaynta iyo Maaraynta:
Baakad wax ku ool ah waxay yarayn kartaa miisaanka mugga waxayna yaraynaysaa burburka, hoos u dhigista kharashka dhoofinta iyo caymiska labadaba. Alaabooyinka qaar ayaa laga yaabaa inay u baahdaan baakad gaar ah ama calaamadeyn si ay ugu hoggaansamaan xeerarka Mareykanka.
8. Soo gudbiyaha xamuulka iyo tayada adeegga:
La-hawlgalayaasha xirfad-yaqaanka xamuulka qaada, sida Dantful International Logistics, waxay gacan ka geysan kartaa hagaajinta waddooyinka, ka gorgortanka heerarka tartanka, iyo bixinta xalal ku habboon dhoofinta dharka.
Jadwalka soo socdaa wuxuu bixiyaa dulmar la fududeeyay ee qiyaasta qiimaha badda iyo xamuulka hawada ee shixnadaha dharka ee dekedaha waaweyn ee Shiinaha ilaa USA sida Q4 2025:
| mode | Jidka (Dekedaha Weyn) | Waqtiga Gaadiidka | Qiyaasta la qiyaasay (halkii CBM ama KG) | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Badda (FCL) | Shanghai - Los Angeles | 14-20 maalmood | $60-$100 CBM (FCL) | Waxa ugu fiican ≥15 CBM |
| Badda (LCL) | Shenzhen - New York | 22-28 maalmood | $120-$180 CBMkiiba (LCL) | Ku habboon shixnadaha yaryar |
| Xamuulka hawada | Guangzhou - Chicago | 3-7 maalmood | $5–$9 KG | Degdeg, keenista degdega ah |
Fiiro gaar ah: Qiimaha dhabta ahi wuu kala duwanaan karaa iyadoo ku xidhan xaaladaha suuqa, waxyaabaha gaarka ah ee xamuulka, iyo shuruudaha adeega. Oraahda ugu saxsan, si toos ah ula tasho Dantful International Logistics.
Ka soo raridda dharka Shiinaha una dhoofisa USA iyadoo la raacayo xamuulka badda
Ka soo rarista dharka Shiinaha si ay u USA by xamuulka badda waa doorashada la door biday soo dejiyeyaal badan oo doonaya gaadiid jaban, awood sare leh. Halkan waxaa ah hab-socodka, faa'iidooyinka, tixgelinta, iyo hab-dhaqannada ugu wanaagsan ee kala-duwan:
1. Sida Xamuulka Baddu ugu Shaqeeyaan Rabshadaha Dharka
Xamuulka baddu waxa uu marka hore isticmaalaa laba nooc: Culayska Koonteenarka Buuxa (FCL) iyo In ka yar Xamuulka Konteenarka (LCL).
- FCL waxay ku habboon tahay ganacsiyada soo rarida mugga waaweyn (sida caadiga ah in ka badan 15 CBM). Waxay bixisaa isticmaalka gaarka ah ee weelka (20FT, 40FT, 40HQ, ama 45HQ), yaraynta halista waxyeelada xamuulka ama wasakheynta.
- LCL waxay ku habboon tahay qiyaaso yaryar, halkaasoo alaabtaadu ay la wadaagto booska weelka maraakiibta kale, taasoo bixisa dabacsanaan laakiin mararka qaarkood waqtiyo badan oo maarayn ah.
Habka caadiga ah ee xamuulka badda:
- Buuxinta iyo xoojinta xamuulka ee bakhaarka asalka ah.
- Caddaynta kastamka ee dekedda Shiinaha.
- Gaadiidka badda ee ku socda dekedda uu ku socdo Mareykanka.
- Keenista kastamka
- Gaadhida kama dambaysta ah ee la geynayo goobta ra'iisal wasaaraha.
Meheradaha dharka yar yar ama kuwa leh rarka weel ka yar, wax badan ka baro Sida LCL looga soo raro Shiinaha loona geeyo Mareykanka: Hage Dhameystiran oo loogu talagalay ganacsiyada yaryar.
2. Faa'iidooyinka ku jira Rabitaanka Dharka Badda
- Waxtarka Qiimaha: Xamuulka badda ayaa bixiya kharashka ugu hooseeya ee halbeeg kasta, gaar ahaan shixnadaha tirada badan.
- Awood sare Dharka, oo ah mid la isku dhejin karo oo iftiin leh, ayaa u oggolaanaya in la kordhiyo isticmaalka weelka (eeg jadwalka hoose).
- Awoodda: Ku habboon noocyo kala duwan oo dhar ah, oo ay ku jiraan dharka ka laalaada (GOH) iyo dharka sanduuqyada.
- Ikhtiyaarada dabacsan: Doorashada FCL ama LCL, albaab-ilaa-albaab, deked-deked, iyo adeegyo qiimo-kordhin ah sida bakhaarrada ama dallaalka kastamka.
3. Fursadaha Koonteenarka & Awoodda Dharka
| Nooca Weelka | Awoodda (CBM) | Kartoonada ugu badan ee caadiga ah (60x40x40cm) | Ku habboonaanta Dharka |
|---|---|---|---|
| 20FT | 28 | ~340-370 | Shixnadaha yaryar/dhexe |
| 40FT | 56 | ~700-740 | Shixnadaha dhexdhexaadka ah/weyn |
| 40HQ | 68 | ~850-900 | Mugga weyn, ganacsiga e-commerce |
| 45HQ | 78 | ~ 1000 | Mugga weyn/mugga sare |
Qiimaha waa qiyaas; Tirada kartoonada dhabta ah waxay ku xirnaan doontaa habka baakadaha iyo nooca dharka.
4. Tixgelinta Muhiimka ah
- Time Lead: Celcelis ahaan wakhtiga socdaalku wuxuu u dhexeeyaa 14 ilaa 30 maalmood deked-deked, oo lagu daray wakhtiga kastamka iyo gaarsiinta gudaha. Si loo barbardhigo waqtiyada gaadiidka ee wadooyinka caanka ah, eeg shanghai ilaa los angeles by badda imisa jeer.
- Dukumentiyada: Warqad sax ah oo dhammaystiran (Bill of Lading, qaan-sheeg ganacsi, liiska baakadaha) ayaa lama huraan u ah nadiifinta kastamka.
- Waajibaadka Kastamka Mareykanka: Dharka ayaa lagu soo rogay canshuuro gaar ah. Sax ah Xeerarka HS sifooyinkuna waa qasab.
- Baako: Hagaajinta baakadaha (tusaale, baakaynta faakuumka, weelasha GOH) waxay kordhin kartaa waxtarka mugga waxayna ilaalin kartaa tayada dharka.
- Caymis: Caymiska badda ayaa lagula talinayaa inuu ka ilaaliyo khasaaraha ama dhaawaca inta lagu jiro safarka badda.
5. Isbarbardhigga Qiimaha iyo Waqtiga Gaadiidka ee Dekadaha waaweyn ee Mareykanka
| Dekadda Shiinaha | Dekadda Maraykanka | Waqtiga Gaadiidka FCL | Waqtiga Gaadiidka LCL | Celceliska Qiimaha (FCL 40HQ) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Shanghai | Los Angeles | 14-18 maalmood | 16-22 maalmood | $ 4,500- $ 6,000 |
| Shenzhen | New York | 25-28 maalmood | 28-32 maalmood | $ 6,500- $ 8,000 |
| Qingdao | Houston | 22-26 maalmood | 24-28 maalmood | $ 5,500- $ 7,000 |
Heerarka iyo waqtiyada gaadiidka waxay ku saleysan yihiin Q4 2025 xogta suuqa waxaana laga yaabaa inay isbeddesho xilliyada rarida iyo baahida suuqa.
6. Hababka ugu Fiican & Talooyinka Khabiirka
- Horay u sii qorshee: Hubi wakhti hore, gaar ahaan xilliyada ugu sarreeya.
- La shaqee xirfadlayaasha: Dooro gudbiye la isku halayn karo oo xamuul sida Dantful International Logistics Taageerada dhamaadka-ilaa-dhamaadka, hagida u hogaansanaanta, iyo adeegyada qiimaha leh.
- Isku dhafka shixnadaha: Qiyaaso yaryar, tixgeli isku-darka LCL si loo hagaajiyo qiimaha.
- La soco horumarka rarida: Isticmaal raadraaca dhijitaalka ah iyo cusboonaysiinta si aad u aragto wakhtiga dhabta ah.
Dantful International Logistics ku takhasusay dhoofinta dharka Shiinaha si ay u USA xagga badda, bixinta xalal habaysan, qiimihiisu tartami karo, iyo adeegyo dhamaystiran oo ay ku jiraan kaydinta, fasaxa kastamka, caymiska, iyo gaarsiinta mayl u dambeeya. Sida lamaane saadka hal-joojin ah, waxaanu hubinaynaa in dharkaagu ay ku gaadhaan meesha ay u socdaan si badbaado leh, hufan, oo u hogaansan dhammaan xeerarka.
Ka soo rarista dharka Shiinaha una dhoofaya USA iyadoo la raacayo xamuulka hawada
Ka soo rarista dharka Shiinaha si ay u USA via xamuulka hawada waa doorashada ugu fiican ee ganacsiyada iyo shakhsiyaadka u baahan si degdeg ah, la isku halayn karo. Khabiir saadka khibradeed ahaan, waxaan caawiyay macaamiil tiro badan oo ku jira warshadaha dharka kuwaas oo qiimeeya xawaaraha iyo dabacsanaanta, gaar ahaan shixnadaha waqtiga xasaasiga ah, alaabta qiimaha sare leh, ama buuxinta alaabada dhaqsaha badan.
Faa'iidooyinka Xamuulka Hawada ee Shixnadaha Dharka
- Speed: Xamuulka hawadu aad ayuu uga dheereeyaa xamuulka badda. Gaadhida weyn Madaarada Shiinaha (sida Shanghai Pu Dong, Guangzhou Bayyun, ama Shenzhen Bao'an) ugu weyn Garoomada diyaaradaha ee Maraykanka (Los Angeles LAX, New YorkJFK, Chicago ORD) caadi ahaan waxay qaadataa 2-7 maalmood, oo ay ku jiraan fasaxa kastamka.
- halaynta: Duulimaadyadu waxay ku shaqeeyaan jadwal go'an, iyagoo yareynaya daahitaanka iyo hubinta waqtiyada gaadiidka la sii saadaalin karo.
- Ammaanka: Xamuulka hawadu waxa uu ku xidhan yahay maarayn adag iyo hubinta amaanka, hoos u dhigida khatarta tuuganimada ama burburka—muhiim u ah badeecooyinka moodada ah iyo dharka astaanta ah.
- Haysashada alaabta hoose: Waqtiyada gaadiidka ee gaagaaban, ganacsiyadu waxay gaabin karaan wareegyada silsiladahooda sahayda waxayna si degdeg ah uga jawaabi karaan isbeddellada suuqa.
Haddii aad rabto inaad si fiican u fahamto qaab dhismeedka qiimaha iyo waqtiyada gaarsiinta, tixraac xamuulka hawada ee shiinaha u socda Faahfaahin dheeraad ah oo ku saabsan saadka hawada dharka.
Waxyaabaha Saameynaya Qiimaha Xamuulka Hawada
- Miisaanka la qaadi karo: Xamuulka hawada waxaa lagu dalacayaa iyadoo lagu salaynayo sare u kaca miisaanka guud ama miisaanka mugga. Labbisku badanaa waa fudud yihiin laakiin waa kuwo mug leh, sidaas darteed baakooyinka wanaajinta si loo yareeyo miisaanka cabbirka waa muhiim.
- Nooca Adeegga: Adeegyada degdega ah (DHL, FedEx, UPS) waxay bixiyaan geyn guri-ilaa-albaab ah, halka xamuulka hawada caadiga ah (madaar-ilaa-irport, albaab-airport) uu yahay mid ka qiimo badan balse laga yaabo inuu u baahdo isuduwidda gaarsiinta mayl-ka ugu dambeeya.
- Garoomada Asalkeeda/Dhexe: Heerarka ayaa ku kala duwan iyadoo ku saleysan waddooyinka iyo garoommada gaarka ah ee la isticmaalo.
- Baahida xilliyeed: Soo bandhigista moodada, ciidaha, iyo xilliyada iibka waxay kordhin karaan heerarka waxayna yareyn karaan awoodda la heli karo.
- Kastamka iyo Waajibaadka: Xeerarka kastamka Mareykanka ee dharka iyo duntu waa adag yihiin; U hoggaansanaanta ka hor iyo dukumentiyada saxda ah ayaa muhiim u ah nadiifinta fudud.
Waqtiyada Gaadiidka ee Caadiga ah iyo Tixraaca Qiimaha
| wadada | Waqtiga Gaadiidka ee la qiyaasay | Qiimaha caadiga ah (USD/kg) | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|
| Shanghai → Los Angeles (LAX) | 2-4 maalmood | 5.5 - 8.0 | Degdeg ah, waddo-soo noqnoqosho sare leh |
| Guangzhou → New York (JFK) | 3-6 maalmood | 6.0 - 8.5 | Duulimaadyo toos ah iyo mid dadban |
| Shenzhen → Chicago (ORD) | 3-7 maalmood | 6.5 - 9.0 | Gaadiidka gudaha ee dheeraadka ah |
Siciradu waxay muujinayaan ilaa Q4 2025 oo way isbedbeddeli karaan iyadoo lagu salaynayo xaaladaha suuqa, kharashka shidaalka, iyo mugga.
Ku habboonaanta Xamuulka Hawada ee Dharka
- Dharka qiimaha sare leh
- Ururinta xilliyeed ama xayaysiis
- Buuxinta degdega ah
- Alaabooyin hoose, heer sare ah
Sida Dantful International Logistics ay u kordhiso Qiimaha
At Dantful International Logistics, waxaan gaarsiinnaa si ku habboon xamuulka hawada xalalka shixnadaha dharka, oo bixiya:
- Adeegga dhamaadka-ilaa-dhamaadka: Laga soo bilaabo qaadista Shiinaha, dhoofinta kastamka, xamuulka hawada, fasaxa soo dejinta ee USA, ilaa gaarsiinta kama dambaysta ah.
- Shixnadaha la isku daray: Iska yaree kharashyada adoo isku daraya alaab-qeybiyeyaal badan.
- Dabagal horumarsan: Cusboonaysiinta-waqtiga-dhabta ah iyo xalinta mushkiladaha ee firfircoon.
- La talinta baakooyinka iyo u hoggaansanaanta si loo yareeyo miisaanka la qaadi karo iyo in la hubiyo nadiifinta kastamka oo siman.
Shixnadaha labiska ee waqtiga-muhiimka ah, la shuraakada qaadista xamuulka khibrada leh sida Dhaanto badan waxay hubisaa isku halaynta iyo hufnaanta kharashka.
FCL vs. LCL ee Shixnadaha Dharka
Marka laga soo raro dharka Shiinaha si ay u USA by xamuulka badda, kala dooranaya Culayska Koonteenarka Buuxa (FCL) iyo In ka yar Xamuulka Konteenarka (LCL) waa lama huraan. Doorashadaadu waxay si toos ah u saamaynaysaa qiimaha, xawaaraha, ammaanka xamuulka, iyo kakanaanta shaqada.
Qeexitaan iyo Kala Duwanaanshaha
| Aragti | FCL (Cilitaanka Konteenarka oo buuxa) | LCL (In ka yar rarka konteenarada) |
|---|---|---|
| Qeexid | Isticmaalka gaarka ah ee weelka (20ft, 40ft, 40HQ, 45HQ) ee hal shixnad | Meesha weelka la wadaago rarida kale |
| mugga | Caadi ahaan kharash-ku-ool ah> 15 CBM (~ 6 pallets) | Ku habboon <15 CBM ama dufcooyin yaryar |
| Ammaanka | Khatarta hoose ee isku-dhafka, xajinta; maarayn yar | Maareyn badan, khatar sare oo dhaawac/ meeleyn |
| Waqtiga Gaadiidka | Dhaqso badan (joojin yar, soo dejin toos ah) | Waxoogaa dheer oo ay ugu wacan tahay isugaynta/isku-darka |
| Qaab dhismeedka Kharashka | Heerka siman weel kasta | Ku bixi CBM kasta ama tan |
| Fududeynta Hawleed | Dukumeenti ka fudud, maaraynta dekedda oo yar | Warqado badan, nadiifin kastam oo kakan |
Si aad u qoto dheer u gasho farqiga u dhexeeya hababkan rarida, iska hubi LCL vs FCL dhoofinta: Sida loo doorto ikhtiyaarka saxda ah ee xamuulka yar.
Awoodaha Konteenarka Warshadaha
- 20FT: 28 CBM
- 40FT: 56 CBM
- 40HQ: 68 CBM
- 45HQ: 78 CBM
Ku habboonaanta Rabitaanka Dharka
FCL waxaa lagula talinayaa marka:
- Raridda xaddi badan (uruur xilliyeed oo buuxa, buuxinta tafaariiqda)
- Dhar qaali ah ama calaamadeysan oo u baahan ammaan dheeri ah
- Waqtiga kama dambaysta ah
LCL waxaa lagula talinayaa marka:
- Soo dirida dalabaadka yaryar, muunado, ama dib u soo celinta
- Xadka socodka lacagta caddaanka ah ama kaydinta ayaa diidaya shixnadaha alaabada waaweyn
Qiimaha & Tixraaca Waqtiga Gaadiidka (Q2 2024)
| wadada | FCL 40HQ (USD) | LCL (USD/CBM) | Gaadiidka FCL (maalmo) | Gaadiidka LCL (maalmo) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Shanghai → Los Angeles | 3900 - 4600 | 120 - 160 | 15 - 18 | 20 - 25 |
| Shenzhen → New York | 5400 - 6300 | 160 - 210 | 23 - 28 | 28 - 35 |
| Ningbo → Miami | 5800 - 6800 | 180 - 230 | 25 - 30 | 31 - 38 |
Sicirrada dhabta ahi waxay ku xidhan yihiin xilliga, shidaalka, iyo isbeddellada suuqa.
Talooyin Xirfadle
- Kor u qaad cabbirka kartoonnada iyo baakidhka si aad u kordhiso isticmaalka weelka.
- LCL, dooro gudbiye xamuul oo sumcad leh si loo yareeyo khatarta inta lagu jiro xoojinta.
- Had iyo jeer hubi caymiska xamuulka ee shixnadaha dharka ee qiimaha leh.
Doorashada qaabka saxda ah ee rarida ayaa muhiim u ah faa'iidada ganacsigaaga dharka iyo qanacsanaanta macaamilka. Aan waayo-aragnimadayada at Dhaanto badan ku hago xalka ugu fiican.
AKHRI WAX DHEERAAD AH:
- Ka soo dhoofinta Shiinaha ilaa USA
- Ka dhoofinta Shiinaha ilaa Kanada
- Ka dhoofinta Shiinaha ilaa Mexico
- Ka dhoofinta Shiinaha ilaa Panama
- Ka dhoofinta Shiinaha ilaa Costa Rica
- Ka dhoofinta Shiinaha ilaa Brazil
- Ka dhoofinta Shiinaha ilaa Colombia
- Ka dhoofinta Shiinaha ilaa Jamaica
- Ka dhoofinta Shiinaha ilaa Venezuela
- Ka dhoofinta Shiinaha ilaa Argentina
Xeerarka Kastamka Mareykanka iyo Waajibaadka Dharka
Marka laga soo raro dharka Shiinaha si ay u USA, soo dejiyeyaashu waa inay u hoggaansamaan si adag Xeerarka Kastamka Mareykanka oo fiiro gaar ah u yeelo kuwa lagu dabaqi karo waajibaadka. Fahamka shuruudahan ayaa muhiim u ah nadiifinta kastamka iyo si looga fogaado kharashyada lama filaanka ah ama daahitaanka shixnadaha.
1. Soocidda iyo Xeerarka HS
Dhammaan alaabta labbiska waa in si sax ah loo kala saaraa iyadoo la isticmaalayo Hababka Iswaafajinta (HS).. The Kastamka Mareykanka iyo Ilaalinta Xuduudaha (CBP) adeegsada xeer-hoosaadkan si uu u go'aamiyo heerarka waajibaadka iyo shuruudaha sharciyeed ee lagu dabaqi karo. Dharka ayaa sida caadiga ah hoos ku dhaca Cutubka 61 aad iyo Cutubka 62 aad.
| Nooca Dharka | Xaddiga Koodhka HS ee caadiga ah |
|---|---|
| Shaarar tolsan | 6105-6109 |
| Surwaal tolsan | 6203-6204 |
| Dharka Tolmada leh | 6104 |
| Koodhadhka tolmada leh | 6201-6202 |
Soodejiyeyaashu waa inay xaqiijiyaan kala soocida saxda ah maadaama ku dhawaaqid khaldan ay keeni karto ganaaxyo ama kastamku haysto.
2. Qiimaha Waajibka iyo Tariifyada
The heerarka waajibaadka dharka laga keeno Shiinaha si ay u USA kala duwanaansho iyadoo ku xiran nooca dharka, alaabta, iyo jinsiga. Intaa waxaa dheer, qaar ka mid ah alaabta dharka ee ka yimid Shiinaha waxay ku xiran yihiin tacriifooyin dheeri ah oo hoos imaanaya cabbirada Qeybta 301 ee Mareykanka. Halkan waxaa ah dulmar guud:
| Nooca Dharka | Heerka Waajibaadka Saldhigga (Qiyaas.) | Qaybta 301 Tacriifada Dheeraadka ah | Wadarta Waajibaadka Macquulka ah |
|---|---|---|---|
| Funaanado, Cudbi | 16.5% | 7.5% | 24% |
| Surwaalka Ragga, Isku-dhafka | 28.2% | 7.5% | 35.7% |
| Dharka Dumarka | 26.9% | 7.5% | 34.4% |
| Jaakadaha, dhogorta | 14.9% | 7.5% | 22.4% |
Fiiro gaar ah: Had iyo jeer hubi xogta tacriifada CBP ee ugu dambeysay ama la tasho soo gudbiye xirfad leh sida Dantful International Logistics sicirka hadda jira, maadaama siyaasadaha ganacsigu ay isbedeli karaan.
3. U hogaansanaanta Shuruucda Mareykanka
- Shuruudaha Calaamadeynta: Dhammaan dharku waa inay u hoggaansamaan Guddiga Ganacsiga ee Federaalka (FTC) xeerarka, oo ay ku jiraan calaamadaynta waddanka asal ahaan, nuxurka fiber-ka, tilmaamaha daryeelka, iyo aqoonsiga soo-dejiye. Calaamadaha waa in si joogto ah loogu lifaaqaa.
- Badbaadada Alaabta Macmiilka: Dharka carruurtu waa inay buuxiyaan heerarka badbaadada dheeraadka ah ee hoos yimaada Sharciga Horumarinta Badbaadada Alaabta Macmiilka (CPSIA), oo ay ku jiraan sunta rasaasta iyo xadka phthalate.
- Hantida aqooneed: Hubi in dharka la soo dejiyo uusan ku xad-gudbin calaamadaha ganacsiga, xuquuqda daabacaada, ama shatiyada. CBP waxay xoojisaa tillaabooyin adag oo ka dhan ah alaabta been abuurka ah.
- Kootada Dharka: Iyadoo inta badan kootada la baabi'iyay, waxaa muhiim ah in la xaqiijiyo haddii wax xaddidaad ah lagu dabaqayo noocyada fiber-ka qaarkood ama wadamada laga helo.
4. Habka Gelitaanka
Shixnadaha dharka ee soo galaya USA waxay ku xiran yihiin nidaamka gelitaanka rasmiga ah. Soodejiyeyaashu waa inay bixiyaan dhammaan dukumeentiyada lagama maarmaanka ah, bixinta cashuuraha iyo cashuuraha, waxaana laga yaabaa inay kormeeraan saraakiisha CBP. U hoggaansanaan la'aantu waxay keeni kartaa dib u dhac, ganaaxyo, ama suuxdin.
Dukumentiyada Muhiimka ah ee U Soo Dejinta Dharka Maraykanka
Dukumeentiga saxda ah waa aasaaska hawlgalka soo dejinta ee guuleysta. Marka laga soo raro dharka Shiinaha si ay u USA, dukumeentiyada soo socda ayaa sida caadiga ah looga baahan yahay fasaxa kastamka iyo u hogaansanaanta sharciga:
| Magaca Dukumentiga | Ujeedada & Faahfaahinta Muhiimka ah |
|---|---|
| Qaansheegadka Ganacsiga | Waxay taxdaa sharraxaadaha alaabta, koodka HS, qiyamka, faahfaahinta iibiyaha/iibsadaha, shuruudaha iibka. Loo isticmaalo in lagu go'aamiyo qiimaha kastamka iyo waajibaadka khuseeya. |
| List xirxirida | Waxay ka kooban tahay tirinta kartoonnada, cabbirrada, saafiga/miisaanka guud, waxa ku jira. Waxay ka caawisaa CBP xaqiijinta shixnadda. |
| Bill of Lading (B/L) ama Hawo-biilka (AWB) | Waxay u shaqeysaa sidii qandaraas qaadista iyo rasiidka rarida. B/L waxaa loo isticmaalaa xamuulka badda, AWBna xamuulka hawada. |
| Shahaadada Asalka | Wuxuu xaqiijinayaa waddanka wax soo saarka, ee looga baahan yahay qiimaynta waajibaadka iyo u hoggaansanaanta shuruucda calaamadaynta waddanka asal ahaan. |
| Soo dejinta Amniga Soo dejinta (ISF, "10+2") | Waa qasab shixnadaha badda. La xareeyay ugu yaraan 24 saacadood ka hor inta aan lagu shubin dekedda asalka ah. |
| Ogeysiiska imaatinka | Waxaa soo saaray qaade ama soo gudbiye si uu u ogeysiiyo rafiiqa/wakiilka imaatinka shixnadda. |
| Bondka Kastamka | Dammaanad lacageed (hal ama joogto ah) ayaa looga baahan yahay gelitaanka rasmiga ah ee ka sarreeya USD 2,500 ee qiimaha. |
| Soo koobida Gelitaanka (Foomka CBP 7501) | Ku dhawaaqida gelitaanka kastamka rasmiga ah, oo la buuxiyey marka la yimaado waajibaadka iyo qiimaynta u hoggaansanaanta. |
| Baaqa Dharka | Waa qasab inta badan dharka si loo xaqiijiyo waxa ku jira fiber-ka iyo u hoggaansanaanta xeerarka calaamadaynta dharka Maraykanka. |
| Shahaadada U Hogaansanaanta CPSIA (dharashada carruurta) | Waxay xaqiijisaa u hoggaansanaanta shuruudaha badbaadada Mareykanka ee alaabta carruurta. |
Dukumentiyada Dhaqanka ugu Wanaagsan
- Had iyo jeer hubi in dhammaan dukumeentiyadu ay yihiin kuwo sax ah, joogto ah, oo u dhigma rarida jireed.
- Ku isticmaal sifada wax soo saarka cad, sax ah iyo koodhadhka HS qaansheegyada.
- Fayl gareeya ISF waqtiga si looga fogaado ciqaabaha (ilaa USD 5,000 xadgudub kasta).
- Ka hel taageero qof khibrad leh xamuulka qaada sida Dantful International Logistics diyaarinta dukumeentiga, fasaxida kastamka, iyo u hogaansanaanta.
Hagaajinta Baakadaha iyo Calaamadaynta Shixnadaha Dharka
Baakad wax ku ool ah iyo calaamadeyn ayaa door muhiim ah ka ciyaara xaqiijinta taas shixnadaha dharka ka Shiinaha si ay u USA u yimaad si badbaado leh, hufan, oo waafaqsan heerarka caalamiga ah. Baakadaha sida saxda ah loo hagaajiyay kaliya kama ilaalinayo dharka waxyeelada iman karta inta lagu jiro safarka laakiin sidoo kale waxay caawisaa dhimista kharashaadka dhoofinta waxayna wanaajisaa hufnaanta kastamka.
Tixgelinta Muhiimka ah ee Baakadaha
Ka-hortagga waxyeelada:
Shixnadaha dharka ayaa u nugul qoyaanka, boodhka, iyo burburinta. Isticmaal shandad badan oo tayo sare leh, duubo aan qoyaanka karin, iyo kartoonada heerka dhoofinta adag. kartoonnada jiingadaha ah ee labajibbaaran ayaa lagula talinayaa ilaalinta dheeraadka ah inta lagu jiro isugaynta iyo maaraynta.Hagaajinta booska:
Kordhinta isticmaalka kartoonada iyo booska weelka waxay caawisaa dhimista kharashaadka dhoofinta. Laalaab si hufan oo isticmaal baakadaha faakuumka halka ay suurtagal tahay in la yareeyo mugga, gaar ahaan dalabaadka waaweyn ee lagu soo raro xamuulka badda (FCL/LCL).Qaybinta Miisaanka:
Iska ilaali baakadaha xad-dhaafka ah si aad uga hortagto qallafsanaanta oo aad uga dhigto gacanta gacanta mid ammaan ah. Cabbirrada kartoonnada caadiga ah (tusaale, 60x40x40 cm) ayaa inta badan loo isticmaalaa dharka, dheellitirka awoodda iyo miisaanka.Isticmaalka Koonteenarka:
Shixnadaha badan, dooro cabbirrada weelka ku habboon:Nooca Weelka Mugga (CBM) Ku habboonaanta 20FT 28 Shixnadaha yaryar iyo kuwa dhexe 40FT 56 Shixnadaha waaweyn 40HQ 68 Alaabooyin miisaankoodu sarreeyo sida dharka 45HQ 78 Booska ugu badan ee dharka waaweyn laakiin fudud Agabka ku habboon deegaanka:
Alaabta baakadaha ee joogtada ah iyo kuwa dib loo warshadayn karo ayaa si isa soo taraysa ay u door bideen soo-dejiyaasha Mareykanka, iyagoo taageeraya sawirka summada iyo buuxinta shuruudaha u hoggaansanaanta.
Shuruudaha Calaamadaynta iyo Hababka ugu Fiican
U hoggaansanaanta Shuruucda Mareykanka:
Shay kasta oo dhar ah waa in lagu calaamadiyaa si waafaqsan Guddiga Ganacsiga ee Federaalka (FTC) iyo Kastamka Maraykanka shuruudaha. Tan waxaa ku jira waddanka asal ahaan ("Made in China"), nuxurka fiber-ka, tilmaamaha daryeelka, iyo macluumaadka soo dejinta/qaybiyaha.Calaamadaynta kartoonnada:
Kartoonada dibadda waa in ay si cad u muujiyaan calaamadaha rarida: magaca rafiiqa, nambarka dalabka iibka, nambarka kartoonka, miisaanka guud/ saafiga ah, iyo cabbirada. Shixnadaha la isku daray, hubi in sanduuq kasta si sax ah loogu calaamadeeyay aqoonsi fudud.Barcode iyo Hirgelinta RFID:
Qaar badan oo ka mid ah tafaariiqlayaasha Mareykanka waxay u baahan yihiin calaamadeynta barcode ama RFID si ay ula socdaan alaabada. Xaqiiji shuruudaha gaarka ah iibsadaha si looga fogaado dib u dhac ku yimaada xarumaha qaybinta.Tilmaamaha Tilmaamaha iyo Digniinta:
Haddii dharku u baahan yahay maarayn gaar ah (tusaale, maro jilicsan), ku dar warqado digniin ah oo muuqda si loo ogeysiiyo shaqaalaha bakhaarka loona yareeyo khatarta burburka.Tusaalaha Summada Tusaalaha:
Calaamadee Shayga Tusaale Country of Origin Made in China Maaddada Fiber 100% Cotton Tilmaamaha Daryeelka Mashiinka Dhaq Qabow, Qallalan Macluumaadka soo dejinta ABC Importers, New York, USA Calaamadaynta Kartoonka PO#12345 / kartoonka 1 ee 50
Markaad maalgeliso baakad adag, u hoggaansan iyo calaamadeyn, kaliya ma ilaalinaysid shixnadahaaga dharka laakiin sidoo kale waxaad hagaajinaysaa saadka, fasaxa kastamka, iyo qaybinta hoose.
Xeeladaha Dhimista Qiimaha iyo Hufnaanta ee Rabitaanka Dharka
Shipping dharka Shiinaha ilaa USA waa mid xasaasi u ah kharashka, gaar ahaan kuwa mugga sarreeya, ganacsiyada labbiska hooseeya. Ka faa'iidaysiga xeeladaha saxda ah waxay samayn kartaa farqi la taaban karo ee kharashka iyo waxtarka hawlgalka labadaba.
1. Habka Hagaajinta: Isku-dheellitirka Xawliga iyo Qiimaha
- Xamuulka badda (FCL/LCL):
Sida ugu fiican ee waxtarka qiimaha leh ee mugga weyn. Isku dhafka amarada kala duwan ee FCL (Qalabka Kontaynarada oo buuxa) marka ay suurtogal tahay si loo hubiyo qiimaha ugu hooseeya ee halbeeg kasta. - Xamuulka hawada:
Ku habboon alaabta degdegga ah, qiimaha sarreeya, ama xilliyeedka. U isticmaal adeegyada hawada sare si aad u doorato shixnadaha waqtiga xasaasiga ah; ku dar hababka caadiga ah inta soo hartay.
2. Isku-dhafka iyo Qorshaynta Xamuulka
- Iskudubarid amarada alaab-qeybiyeyaasha kala duwan ee gudaha Shiinaha si loo xoojiyo shixnadaha, loo yareeyo khidmadaha LCL, oo loo wanaajiyo isticmaalka weelka.
- Dantful International Logistics waxay bixisaa xamuulka la isku daray iyo xalalka soo qaadista alaab-qeybiyaha badan, yaraynta shixnadaha kala daadsan iyo guud ahaan qiimaha.
3. Horumarka Boos-dhigista iyo Wada-xaajoodyada Qiimaha
- Hore u sii qabso shixnadaha, gaar ahaan xilliyada ugu sarreeya (Xagaaga ka hor, Jimcaha Madoow, Kirismaska), si loo helo qiimayaal wanaagsan loogana fogaado dib u dhac.
- Samee qandaraasyo ama iskaashi muddo-dheer ah oo lala yeesho gaadiid-qaadayaal la isku halayn karo si ay uga faa'iidaystaan qiimaha gorgortanka ah iyo dammaanadda booska.
4. Baakadaha iyo dhimista mugga
- Sida kor lagu faahfaahiyey, wanaaji baakooyinka si loo kordhiyo ka faa'iidaysiga booska oo loo yareeyo kharashka cabbirka. Xirmooyinka faakuumka iyo kartoonada cabbirka saxda ah waxay dhalin karaan kaydin weyn.
5. Wanaajinta Waajibka iyo Cashuuraha
- Kala sooc dharka hoos yimaada koodka HS ee saxda ah oo adeegso heshiisyada ganacsiga ee jira ama qiimaha waajibaadka doorbidida halka ay khuseyso.
- La shaqee dilaaliinta kastamka ee khibradda leh (sida Dantful) si aad uga fogaato ganaaxyada ama dib u dhaca aan loo baahnayn.
6. Xalalka Kaydinta iyo Qaybinta
- Isticmaal Bakhaaro ku salaysan Maraykanka si alaabada loogu dhawaado macaamiisha, taasoo awood u siinaya soo gudbinta dhaqsaha badan ee mayl u danbeysa iyo yaraynta kharashaadka dhoofinta badan.
- Sahaminta isdhaafsiga ama adeegyada fulinta e-ganacsiga si aad u fududayso habaynta dalabka.
7. Farsamada iyo Dabagalka
- Hirgeli maamulka nidaamka dhijitaalka ah iyo dabagalka waqtiga-dhabta ah si loo ogaado cilad-xumada loona yareeyo wakhtiga deggenaanshaha ee dekedaha ama bakhaarada.
Jadwalka Isbarbardhigga: Qiimaha Dhoofinta Caadiga ah iyo Waqtiyada Gaadiidka (2025)
| mode | Qiimaha la qiyaasay (40HQ) | Waqtiga Gaadiidka | Ku habboonaanta |
|---|---|---|---|
| Badda FCL | $ 3,500 - $ 4,500 | 18-28 maalmood | Shixnado waaweyn oo aan degdeg ahayn |
| Badda LCL | $80 - $150/CBM | 22-32 maalmood | Mug yar/dhexe, alaab-qeybiyeyaal badan |
| Xamuulka hawada | $6.5 – $9.5/kg | 3-7 maalmood | Alaabooyin qiimo sare leh, degdeg ah, ama xilliyeed |
| Fikraddaada | $8.5 – $12.5/kg | 2-5 maalmood | Baakado yaryar, muunado, degdeg sare |
Xusuusin: Heerarka waxay ku kala duwan yihiin xilliga, dariiqa, iyo kharashka shidaalka. La xidhiidh Dantful si aad u hesho xigashooyinka wakhtiga-dhabta ah.
Marka la isku daro xeeladahan iyo ka faa'iidaysiga lammaane saadka la isku halayn karo, ganacsiyada dharku waxay yareeyaan kharashaadka iyagoo ilaalinaya tayada adeegga iyo u hoggaansanaanta.
Doorashada Gaadiidka Xamuulka ee Saxda ah ee Saadka Dharka
Xulashada saxda xamuulka qaada waa udub dhexaad u ah rarida hufnaanta, hufnaanta leh ee dharka Shiinaha si ay u USA. La-hawlgalaha ugu habboon wuxuu bixiyaa khibradda warshadaha, caynsanaanta adeegga, iyo rikoor la xaqiijiyay oo leh saadka dharka.
Shuruudaha Muhiimka ah ee Xulashada Gaadhi Xamuulka
Khibrad u leh Raridda Dharka:
- Raadso gudbiyeyaal khibrad dheer u leh maaraynta shixnadaha dharka, fahamka shuruudaha baakadaha, u hoggaansanaanta kastamka Maraykanka, iyo heerarka summaynta tafaariiqda.
Portfolio adeegga:
- Hubi adeegyo saadka oo kala duwan:
- Xamuulka Badda, Xamuulka hawada, Xamuulka Tareenka, Jidka Wadada
- Amazon FBA gaarsiin, Warehouse xal
- Sifeynta Kastamka, Caymiska
- Door ilaa Door, OOG Xamuulka (qiyaasta ka baxsan), Xamuulka isku dhafan, Xamuulka Xamuulka ah
- Xamuulka Badda, Xamuulka hawada, Xamuulka Tareenka, Jidka Wadada
- Amazon FBA gaarsiin, Warehouse xal
- Sifeynta Kastamka, Caymiska
- Door ilaa Door, OOG Xamuulka (qiyaasta ka baxsan), Xamuulka isku dhafan, Xamuulka Xamuulka ah
- Dantful International Logistics waxay ku bixisaa adeegyadan oo dhan hal saqaf, iyadoo hagaajinaysa dhammaan silsiladaada saadka.
- Hubi adeegyo saadka oo kala duwan:
Waxtarka Kharashka:
- Qaade xoog leh ayaa ka gorgortamaya qiimaha tartanka oo wanaajiya hababka rarida iyo dariiqyada si loo yareeyo kharashaadkaaga saadka.
Kalsoonida iyo Hufnaanta:
- Mudnaanta sii wada-hawlgalayaasha bixiya raadraaca-waqtiga-dhabta ah, maamulka dukumeenti dhijitaalka ah, iyo wada-xiriir cad inta lagu jiro habka rarida.
Shabakadda Caalamiga ah iyo Taageerada Maxaliga ah:
- Iskaashi adag oo dhanka waaweyn ah Dekadaha Shiinaha (Shanghai, Shenzhen, Ningbo) iyo dekedaha Maraykanka (Los Angeles, Long Beach, New York) in la hubiyo dhaq-dhaqaaqa dhamaadka-ilaa-dhamaadka aan sal lahayn.
U Hogaansanaanta iyo Maareynta Khatarta:
- Hubi in gudbiyahaagu uu si adag u fahmayo Xeerarka kastamka Mareykanka, dukumeentiyada, iyo caymiska hababka ugu fiican si looga fogaado dib u dhacyo qaali ah ama arrimaha u hoggaansanaanta.
Talooyin ku saabsan xulashada adeeg bixiye ku habboon baahiyahaaga ganacsi ee lebbiska, dib u eeg sida loo doorto gudbiyaha saxda ah ee xamuulka.
Waa maxay sababta loo doorto Dantful Logistics International?
Sida xirfadle sare, kharash-ool ah, iyo tayo sare leh Bixiyaha adeegga saadka ee caalamiga ah ee hal-joojin ah, Dantful International Logistics waxay ku taagan tahay:
- 15+ sano oo waayo-aragnimo maraakiibta dharka ah
- Kooxaha saadka dharka ee heeganka u ah
- Xallinta dhamaadka-ilaa-dhamaadka: qaadista, xoojinta, banaynta kastamka, kaydinta, gaarsiinta mayl-da ugu dambaysa
- Nidaamyada IT-ga horumarsan ee daba-galka iyo maamulka
- Xigasho hufan iyo taageero macmiil oo ka jawaabaya
Iyagoo la kaashanaya Dantful International Logistics, soodejiyayaasha dharka caalamiga ah iyo dhoofiyayaashu waxay hubin karaan in shixnadaha dharka ee Shiinaha ilaa USA lagu maareeyo waxtarka ugu sarreeya, u hoggaansanaanta, iyo nabadda maskaxda.

Young Chiu waa khabiir saadka ah oo khibrad u leh in ka badan 15 sano oo ku saabsan gudbinta xamuulka caalamiga ah iyo maareynta silsiladda saadka. Sida CEO of Dantful International Logistics, Dhalinyaradu waxay u heellan yihiin bixinta fikrado qiimo leh iyo talooyin wax ku ool ah oo loogu talagalay ganacsiyada u socdaalaya cakiran ee maraakiibta caalamiga ah.




















